Russia and Ukraine is an important exporters of oil, natural gas, metals, fertilizers, rare gases and other industrial raw materials. Affected by the further intensification of the tension of the war, the global market has become more worried about the supply of the HPMC, and panic spreads in the futures market. Prices of commodities such as aluminum and nickel are at recent highs on concerns that supplies will fall. Russia accounts for 49 percent of global exports of nickel, 42 percent of palladium, 26 percent of aluminum and 13 percent of platinum, and is a significant exporter of steel and copper. Palladium is an important metal for sensors and memory. In addition, Russia is the world’s largest exporter of nitrogen fertilizer, the second largest exporter of potash fertilizer, and the third-largest exporter of phosphate fertilizer. Ukraine is also an important producer of nitrogen fertilizer. Russia’s natural gas supply also has a significant impact on the global fertilizer industry and HPMC industry, especially in Europe. The price of the HPMC will also fluctuate to some extent. Russia carries out crude gas separation, and Ukraine is responsible for refined exports. Ukraine supplies 70% of the world’s neon, 40% of krypton and 30% of xenon. These three gases are the materials used to make chips.
Viscosity and fineness are important indicators that affect the performance of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC. Studies have shown that the water retention effect of HPMC increases with the increase of its viscosity, but after the viscosity exceeds 40000 MPa•s, the water retention increases limited with the increase of viscosity. The higher the viscosity, the larger the molecular weight of HPMC, and the corresponding decrease in solubility. It will not improve the water retention of mortar, but it will have a negative impact on strength and workability. Comprehensive consideration, it is more appropriate to use cellulose ether with a viscosity of 40000 MPa•s in the cement mortar.
As the HPMC particles gradually become finer, the water retention of the mortar is also improved to a certain extent. Fineness affects the solubility of HPMC. Coarse HPMC dissolves very slowly in water and should not be used in dry mix mortars. In dry-mix mortar, HPMC is dispersed between aggregates, fine fillers and cementitious materials such as cement, and only a fine enough powder can prevent it from caking when mixed with water. When HPMC is added with water to dissolve the agglomerates, it is difficult to re-disperse and dissolve. HPMC with coarse particle size is not only wasteful, but also reduces the local strength of the mortar. When such dry-mixed mortar is used in large-scale construction, the curing speed of the local mortar may be significantly reduced, which may cause uneven hydration of the cementitious material. of cracking. For mechanically constructed spray mortars, due to the shorter mixing time, the requirements for the fineness of HPMC are higher. Therefore, after comprehensive consideration, the particle size of cellulose ether used for cement mortar should be less than 80 μm.
It can be seen that HPMC is a high-efficiency water-retaining agent for dry-mixed mortar, which reduces the bleeding rate and stratification of the mortar, and improves the cohesion and sag resistance of the mortar. Although HPMC slightly reduces the flexural and compressive strength of mortar, it can significantly improve the tensile strength and bond strength of mortar. In addition, HPMC can effectively inhibit the formation of mortar plastic cracks and reduce the mortar plastic cracking index. The water retention of mortar increases with the increase of HPMC viscosity, and when the viscosity exceeds 40000MPa•s, the water retention does not increase significantly. The fineness of HPMC also has a certain influence on the water retention rate of the mortar. When the particles are finer, the water retention rate of the mortar increases. The particle size of HPMC usually used for cement mortar should be less than 80μm.
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In 2021, Russia’s palladium, nickel and aluminum exports will account for 24.6%, 21.9% and 9.9% of the global total, respectively. Russia exported 2.819 million tons of palladium, accounting for 43.37% of global HPMC with low price fluctuation range and excellent quality, click here will be a good choice.
