lithium metal is the most ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries with high energy density. However in the repeated deposition stripping process of lithium metal the uneven lithium ion current leads to the continuous growth of lithium dendrites the formation of “dead” lithium which leads to short-term life safety risks thus hindering the commercial application of lithium metal batteries.
Yu Guihua’s research group of University of Texas at Austin proposed the strategy of constructing parallel arranged porous two-dimensional nanosheets on the surface of lithium metal anode conducted in-depth research on its role. The experimental results show that the two-dimensional porous structure with parallel arrangement can make the lithium ion flow of electrolyte electrolyte electrode interface phase (SEI) redistribute homogenize at the same time effectively eliminate the inducement of dendrite growth realize the deposition dissolution of lithium metal anode without dendrite. Recently the application of porous two-dimensional nanomaterials in lithium-ion batteries has attracted a lot of attention due to their ability to provide fast ion migration channels. The research team designed two-dimensional porous materials arranged in parallel on the surface of lithium metal to stabilize the lithium metal anode by homogenizing the lithium ion flow in electrolyte SEI. Due to the uniform pore structure the layered porous nanosheets outside the SEI layer can guide the more uniform distribution of lithium ion current in the electrolyte. In the SEI layer taking porous MgO nanoplates as an example the porous nanoplates in close contact with lithium metal will be lithiated by lithium metal to form a Li Mg alloy layer which will be buried in the SEI formed by the reaction of lithium electrolyte. The alloy layer has extremely fast lithium ion mobility which can redistribute the lithium ion flow into the SEI. At the same time the distribution of lithium ion concentration in the channel can be further controlled by controlling the pore size. Moreover the parallel arrangement of porous two-dimensional materials can not only homogenize the lithium ion flow but also obtain the high-speed migration of lithium ions on the lithium metal surface so that the lithium metal anode can maintain good stability cycling performance even at high current. This work reveals for the first time the importance of pore structure in parallel arranged two-dimensional materials for lithium metal anode performance opens a new field of vision for the systematic regulation of lithium ion current distribution in porous two-dimensional materials puts forward an effective strategy for lithium metal anode with good stability cycling under high current.
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